{"doc_desc":{"title":"VAW2015_final","idno":"DDI-KHM-NIS-VAW-2015-v1.0","producers":[{"name":"Saint Lundy","abbreviation":"SLD","affiliation":"National Institue of Statistics","role":"Archivist"}],"prod_date":"2015-01-11","version_statement":{"version":"version 1.0 (January 2015) -The first documentation of the survey"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"KHM-NIS-VAW-2015-v1.0","title":"Cambodia Women\u2019s health and life experiences 2015","sub_title":"Violence Against Women 2015","alt_title":"VAW 2015"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"National Institute of Statistics","affiliation":"Ministry of Planning"}],"production_statement":{"copyright":"(c) 2015, National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia","funding_agencies":[{"name":"UN WOMEN","abbreviation":"UNWOMEN","role":"Funding"},{"name":"THE MINISTRY OF WOMEN\u2019S AFFAIRS","abbreviation":"MoWA","role":"Execution"},{"name":"THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS","abbreviation":"NIS","role":"Execution"}]},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"Director, Demographic Statistics, Census and Survey Department","affiliation":"National Institute of Statistics","email":"census@camnet.com.kh","uri":"www.nis.gov.kh"},{"name":"Data User Service Center","affiliation":"National Institute of Statistics","email":"dusc@nis.gov.kh","uri":"www.nis.gov.kh"},{"name":"Director, ICT Department","affiliation":"National Institute of Statistics","email":"lundysaint@yahoo.com","uri":"www.nis.gov.kh"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"World Health Survey [hh\/whs]"},"version_statement":{"version":"Version 1.0. - Edited data for internal use only","version_date":"2015-01-11"},"study_notes":"Living conditions in Cambodia have improved considerably between 1993 and 2004, the period\ncovered by the Cambodia Socioeconomic Surveys (CSES). Life expectancy at birth increased\nfrom 52 to 60 years for men and from 56 to 65 years for women, mainly by rapidly\ndeclining infant and child mortality. Material living conditions improved substantially according\nto indicators on housing conditions and possession of durables. The differences in living\nconditions are large between urban and rural areas. The standard of living is better in Phnom\nPenh in almost all respects than in other urban areas, which in turn are better than the rural\nareas. The present report cover main aspects on selected important subject matter areas.\nSeparate reports on poverty will be available in the last quarter of 2005.\n\nThe National Institute of Statistics (NIS) of the Ministry of Planning (MoP) conducted the\nCambodia Socio-Economic Survey 2003-2004 (CSES 2004). The UNDP, The World Bank\nand the Swedish International Development Agency (Sida) sponsor the survey. Statistics\nSweden has provided the overall technical assistance. This is the fifth Cambodia Socio- Economic\nSurvey (CSES) conducted by the National Institute of Statistics, following the Socio\nEconomic Surveys in 1993\/94, 1996, 1997, and 1999.\n\nAll information collected in CSES 2004 is strictly confidential and will be used for statistical\npurpose only, in accordance with the 2005 Cambodian Law on Statistics.\n\nThe CSES 2004 enjoyed almost a 100 percent response rate. The high response rate together\nwith close and systematic fieldwork supervision by the core group members were a major\ncontribution for achieving high quality survey results.","study_info":{"topics":[{"topic":"Health","vocab":"World Bank","uri":""}],"abstract":"Violence against women (VAW), in its many forms and manifestations, and across all settings, is a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Around the world, many women experience violence regardless of age, class, race and ethnicity. Most of this violence is driven by the fact that they are women, and related to gender roles in society. Violence against women is predominately perpetrated by men, and most often by intimate partners. According to most recent global estimates, 35% of women aged 15 years or older globally have experienced physical and\/or sexual violence during their lifetime (Devries et al., 2013; WHO, 2013). Intimate\npartner violence is the leading cause of homicide in women globally (Stockl et al., 2013) and has many other major short- and long-term health consequences (WHO, 2013). The economic and social costs associated with VAW are significant, and global evidence shows that violence consistently undermines development efforts at various levels, affecting physical, human and social capital (WHO, 2005). In Cambodia, the state of research on violence against women points toward widespread experiences of violence across the country (CDHS, 2012; Fulu et al., 21013). Women of all cultures and classes are subjected to many forms of physical,\npsychological, sexual and economic violence. This includes, but is not limited to intimate partner violence (IPV), rape and sexual assault, sexual harassment, acid violence and trafficking (MoWA, 2008). The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has made a strong commitment to addressing violence against women by introducing a number of legislative and policy reforms including domestic\nviolence legislation and a national action plan. Cambodia has demonstrated its strong commitment to promoting gender equality and ending VAW by ratifying several core international human rights conventions. In addition, there is widespread recognition among\nCambodian government leaders that having quality data on the prevalence and health and other consequences of different forms of VAW is essential to increase awareness, inform evidencebased programming and policies, including the NAPVAW, and to monitor progress in the implementations of such interventions. Between 2014-2015, to fill the identified knowledge gaps, the Royal Government of Cambodia with support from the World Health Organization (WHO) and UN Women conducted a national\nprevalence study using the WHO multicountry study methodology. This methodology was selected because it has been widely used and is known to produce reliable data, that can be used for cross-country comparisons, and it adheres to internationally recognized\nethical and safety standards.\n\nSpecific Objectives:\nAmong specific objectives, the following deserve special mention:\n\nESTIMATE THE PREVALENCE AND FREQUENCY of different forms of VAW: physical, sexual, emotional and economic violence against women by intimate partners, as well as sexual and physical violence by perpetrators other than partners (in this document also referred to as \u2018nonpartners\u2019) since the age of 15, and sexual violence before the age of 15;\n\nDETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION of physical and\/or sexual intimate partner violence with a range of health and other outcomes;\nIDENTIFY FACTORS that may be associated with either reducing (protective factors) or increasing (risk factors) women\u2019s risk of  hysical and\/or sexual intimate partner violence; DOCUMENT THE STRATEGIES and services that women use to cope with violence by an intimate partner.\n\nINCREASE NATIONAL CAPACITY and collaboration among researchers and women\u2019s organisations working on domestic violence;\n\nINCREASE AWARENESS about and sensitivity to partner violence among researchers, policymakers and health care providers;\n\nCONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT of a network of people committed to addressing","time_periods":[{"start":"2015-04-01","end":"2015-06-07","cycle":""}],"coll_dates":[{"start":"2015-04-01","end":"2015-06-06","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"Cambodia","abbreviation":"KHM"}],"geog_coverage":"National","analysis_unit":"Households\nIndividuals\n\nThe data were analysed by WHO using STATA 14. Mean values, frequencies and proportions are presented with exact\n95% confidence intervals for binary data. Univariate logistic regression was used and multivariable logistic models were\ndeveloped to test associations between IPV and different health measures.","universe":"All resident households in Cambodia","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"ESTIMATE THE PREVALENCE AND FREQUENCY of different forms of VAW: physical, sexual, emotional and economic violence against women by intimate partners, as well as sexual and physical violence by perpetrators other than partners (in this document also referred to as \u2018nonpartners\u2019) since the age of 15, and sexual violence before the age of 15;\n\nDETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION of physical and\/or sexual intimate partner violence with a range of health and other outcomes;\nIDENTIFY FACTORS that may be associated with either reducing (protective factors) or increasing (risk factors) women\u2019s risk of physical and\/or sexual intimate partner violence;\nDOCUMENT THE STRATEGIES and services that women use to cope with violence by an intimate partner.\nINCREASE NATIONAL CAPACITY and collaboration among researchers and women\u2019s organisations working on domestic violence;\nINCREASE AWARENESS about and sensitivity to partner violence among researchers, policymakers and health care providers;\nCONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT of a network of people committed to addressing violence against women."},"method":{"data_collection":{"data_collectors":[{"name":"National Institute of Statistics","abbreviation":"NIS","affiliation":"Ministry of Planning"}],"sampling_procedure":"- The survey sample design was developed by the NIS in the Ministry of Planning. A\nmulti-stage sampling strategy was used based on a sampling frame that took into\nconsideration the 24 provinces in the country delineated into a total of 225 districts\nfor a total of 14,172 \"villages\" or 28,701 enumeration areas (EAs) in the country. The\nsample is self-weighted at the household level.\n\n- The results achieved on VAW 2015 sampling design is already completed and describes as follows:\na.Two level of survey results will be produces as: first at National level and second sub-national (Urban and Rural)\nb.Survey methods of VAW 2015 were designed bases on the three- stage stratified cluster sampling.\nb1. First stage: selected the sample Enumeration area consisting of 200 sample EAs\nb2. Second stage: selected the sample households consisting of 4,000 households \nb3. Selected the sample Women consisting of 4,000 eligible women","coll_mode":"Face-to-face [f2f]","coll_situation":"The National Study on Women\u2019s Health and Life Experiences was coordinated by WHO in collaboration with MoWA, and UN Women Cambodia\u2019s Ending Violence Against Women Program, through funding from the Australian Government\u2019s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The research was carried out with the assistance of the Ministry of Planning\u2019s NIS. Data collection took place in 2015.\n\nA Steering Committee and technical working groups composed of key partners from the government, the UN, NGO\u2019s, and development partners provided guidance to the process and helped to ensure that the results were disseminated and applied to future\npolicy and programmatic decision making. The Steering Committee was managed by MoWA.\n\nteams composed of women were formed of different sizes (proportional to sample size in the area they had to cover). Each team had one supervisor, and were accompanied by a driver. Women were interviewed in their households in private, using the adapted\nWHO standardized questionnaire instrument and methodology. The fieldwork took place from February 2015 to June 2015, including the\nhousehold listing and mapping. Data collection took approximately more than 6 weeks during April to June 2015.","weight":"The sampling weight for each household in ith EA of stratum h is the inverse of its\noverall selection probability of one and two stages:\n    Whij=1(P hi x P hij)\nThe sampling weight for individual women in each sample household in ith EA of stratum h is the inverse of its overall selection probability of all stages:\n\n    Whij=1(P hi x P hij x P hijk)\n\nSampling weights will be adjusted for household non- response and as well as for individual nonresponse in order to get the survey weights. A spreadsheet containing all sampling parameters and selection probabilities will be prepared to facilitate the calculation of survey weights. Several sets of survey weight will be calculated:\n- Individual women weight\n- Households weight\nThe differences between the household weights and the women weights are introduced by individual non-response. The violence against women weight takes the number of eligible women in the household into account because of the selection of only one woman per household. The final survey weights will be normalized in order to give the total number of unweighted cases equal to the total number of weighted cases at national level.\n\nNote:\nP1hi: first-stage sampling probability of the ith EA in stratum h\nP2hij: second -stage sampling probability of the jth sample household in ith EA in\nstratum h\nP3hijk: third -stage sampling probability of the kth sample women in jth sample\nhousehold in ith EA in stratum h","cleaning_operations":"The questionnaire was programmed into electronic format using CAPI software, which allowed interviewers to enter the responses to questions directly into the electronic devises that were uploaded on a daily basis. Data entry was therefore not required. The software directly checked internal consistency, range and error checking, and skip patterns of the responses at the point of entering the answers during the interview. The uploaded files were aggregated at a central level and were immediately available for data analysis."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"Eligible woman response rate: 98%\nHousehold response rate: 99.5%\nHousehold refused: 0.5%","sampling_error_estimates":"Sample size calculations:\nZ (95% Confidence Interval), the value of 1.96 \nP = 30%. In many countries were data are available, lifetime intimate partner sexual violence often reaches 25-30% and lifetime intimate partner physical violence is 65-70%. In a normal distribution the highest variance for a factor would be at the 50%\nlevel (resulting in needing a very large sample) and the lowest variance would be at the extremes (needing the smallest sample). We compromise at 30% which is identical to assuming 70% so the resulting sample size is large, but not unmanageable.\nDEFF = 2. We have used this value for all the national surveys, to date.\nE = 0.02291. We calculate the sample size using margin of error 2.291%.\n\nThe sample size results are as follow:\nConfidence Level :1.96\nMargin of Error (MOE): 0.02291\nBaseline levels of the indicator: 0.3\nDesign effect (Deff): 2\nSample size (n) - Female: 3,074"}},"data_access":{"dataset_availability":{"notes":"The main objective of the survey is to collect accurate statistical information about living\nstandards of the population and the extent of poverty as an essential instrument for identifying\nproblems and designing effective policies for reducing poverty, and in evaluating the progress\nof poverty reduction.\nLike the four previous survey rounds six main areas of social concern have been surveyed:\n- Household level and the structure of consumption including poverty and nutrition\n- Household production and cash income\n- Education and access to schooling\n- Health and access to medical care\n- Housing and amenities\n- Family and social relations\n\nThe CSES 2004 was carried out on a nationwide representative sample of 15,000 households\nwithin 900 Primary Sampling Units (PSU) corresponding to 867 villages. It was designed to\nprovide information on social and economic conditions of households for policy studies on\npoverty, household production, final consumption for the National Accounts, and weights for\nthe Consumer Price Index (CPI). It was divided into 15 monthly samples of 1,000 households\neach in 60 PSUs from November-03 till January-05.\nUsing data for the 15 months, reliable estimates were produced for 11 individual provinces;\nBantey Meanchy, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kandal,\nPhnom Penh, Pery Veng, Siem Reap, Svay Rieng and Takeo. The other 13 provinces were\ngrouped according to zone:\nTonle Sap provinces: Kampong Chhnang and Pursat\nCoastal provinces: Kampot, Sihanouk Ville, Kaoh Kong and Krong Keb\nPlateau\/Mountain: Kratie, Steung Treng, Rattanakiri, Mondol Kiri, Preah Vihear, Oddor\nMeanchey, and Krong Pailin\nThe 1998 Population Census, carried out by NIS, was used as sampling frame in the sampling\ndesign of the CSES 2004.\nThe survey covers private households with one or more persons. Nomadic households are\nincluded in principal. Excluded are:\n- People living in institutions (such as long term hospitals, prisons, monasteries, military\nquarters)\n- Diplomatic and UN households in the country\n- Other foreigners in the country\n- Armed forces residing in military bases"},"notes":"The main objective of the survey is to collect accurate statistical information about living\nstandards of the population and the extent of poverty as an essential instrument for identifying\nproblems and designing effective policies for reducing poverty, and in evaluating the progress\nof poverty reduction.\nLike the four previous survey rounds six main areas of social concern have been surveyed:\n- Household level and the structure of consumption including poverty and nutrition\n- Household production and cash income\n- Education and access to schooling\n- Health and access to medical care\n- Housing and amenities\n- Family and social relations\n\nThe CSES 2004 was carried out on a nationwide representative sample of 15,000 households\nwithin 900 Primary Sampling Units (PSU) corresponding to 867 villages. It was designed to\nprovide information on social and economic conditions of households for policy studies on\npoverty, household production, final consumption for the National Accounts, and weights for\nthe Consumer Price Index (CPI). It was divided into 15 monthly samples of 1,000 households\neach in 60 PSUs from November-03 till January-05.\nUsing data for the 15 months, reliable estimates were produced for 11 individual provinces;\nBantey Meanchy, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kandal,\nPhnom Penh, Pery Veng, Siem Reap, Svay Rieng and Takeo. The other 13 provinces were\ngrouped according to zone:\nTonle Sap provinces: Kampong Chhnang and Pursat\nCoastal provinces: Kampot, Sihanouk Ville, Kaoh Kong and Krong Keb\nPlateau\/Mountain: Kratie, Steung Treng, Rattanakiri, Mondol Kiri, Preah Vihear, Oddor\nMeanchey, and Krong Pailin\nThe 1998 Population Census, carried out by NIS, was used as sampling frame in the sampling\ndesign of the CSES 2004.\nThe survey covers private households with one or more persons. Nomadic households are\nincluded in principal. Excluded are:\n- People living in institutions (such as long term hospitals, prisons, monasteries, military\nquarters)\n- Diplomatic and UN households in the country\n- Other foreigners in the country\n- Armed forces residing in military bases","dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"All information collected in the survey from village leaders and other representatives of sample villages and from sample households will be treated as strictly confidential and used for statistical purposes in social and economic planning.  Information supplied by any person will not be used against him for taxation, investigation or any other legal purpose.","required":"yes","form_no":"","uri":""}],"contact":[{"name":"Director General","affiliation":"National Institute of Statistics","email":"info@nis.gov.kh","uri":"www.nis.gov.kh"}],"conditions":"1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the National Institute of Statistics. \n\n2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations. \n\n3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Institute of Statistics. \n\n4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the National Institute of Statistics, or among data from the National Institute of Statistics and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations. \n\n5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset. \n\n6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the National Institute of Statistics.","disclaimer":"The user of the data acknowledges that the National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia bears no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."}}},"schematype":"survey"}