Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia 1996
Cambodia, 1996
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Reference ID
KHM-SESC-NIS-1996-v1.0
Producer(s)
National Institute of Statistics
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Identification
Survey ID Number
KHM-SESC-NIS-1996-v1.0
Title
Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia 1996
Translated Title
Angkat Setkic Sangkomkic Kampuchea 1996
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Cambodia | KHM |
Study type
Socio-Economic/Monitoring Survey [hh/sems]
Series Information
The SESC 1996 is the second in a series of socio-economic surveys conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning. The first SESC was conducted in four rounds beginning in the last quarter of 1993 up to third quarter of 1994.
The survey was conducted in two rounds. The first round was implemented in May-July and the second round was in October-December 1996. The survey aimed to provide information needed for the country's rehabilitation programs and to obtain data that will serve as bases for social and economic planning. The scope of the survey has been wide enough to enable a multi-sectoral analysis. It covered questions on a variety of subjects such as demography, socio-economic characteristics of population, child labor, health and nutrition and household and housing characteristics.
The Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia (SESC) has been conducted in 1993/94, 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2004 by a different sponsor.
The survey was conducted in two rounds. The first round was implemented in May-July and the second round was in October-December 1996. The survey aimed to provide information needed for the country's rehabilitation programs and to obtain data that will serve as bases for social and economic planning. The scope of the survey has been wide enough to enable a multi-sectoral analysis. It covered questions on a variety of subjects such as demography, socio-economic characteristics of population, child labor, health and nutrition and household and housing characteristics.
The Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia (SESC) has been conducted in 1993/94, 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2004 by a different sponsor.
Abstract
The Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia (SESC) 1996 is a two-round sample survey of households in Cambodia conducted by the National Institute of Statistics (NIS) of the Ministry of Planning and sponsored by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in collaboration with UNICEF, UNDP/CARERE and ILO. This survey is second in the series, the first SESC being conducted in four rounds beginning in October 1993 to September 1994 and funded by the UNDP and ADB.
The first round of the SESC 1996 was conducted in May-June and the second round was in November-December. The survey entrailed listing and recording of the characteristics of each individual person in the sample households. It gathered data on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population as well as on household and housing characteristics. The information collected are vital in making rational plans and programs for the country.
The first round of the SESC 1996 was conducted in May-June and the second round was in November-December. The survey entrailed listing and recording of the characteristics of each individual person in the sample households. It gathered data on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population as well as on household and housing characteristics. The information collected are vital in making rational plans and programs for the country.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
1. Individuals
2. Household
2. Household
Version
Version Description
Version v1.0 - Edited data for internal use only
Version Date
1997-09
Scope
Notes
The scope of the survey with respect to items of information is as follows:
1. Demographic Characteristics of Household Population
- Relationship to Household Head
- Age
- Sex
- Marital Status
- Disability
- Current School Attendance
- Highest Educational Attainment
- Literacy
- Migration
2. Economic Characteristics of Household Population 5 Years and Over
- Usual Activity in the Last 12 Months
- Current Activity Last Week (including number of hours worked)
- Persons Seeking Additional Work
- Nature and Status of Employment, and Kind of Industry in Primary Occupation
- Nature and Status of Employment, and Kind of Industry in Secondary Occupation
- Income Derived from Primary and Secondary Occupation, and Other Receipts in Cash or in Kind
- Reasons for not Being Available for Work
3. Child Labour
- School Attendance in the Past Week
- Reasons for Dropping Out or Not Attending School
- Main Reason for Working or Having a Job
- Age the Child Started to Work
- Place of Work
- Proportion of Child's Earnings Given to Household
- Illnesses, Injuries and Other Health Problems of Working Child
- Recruitment of Children to Work Elsewhere
4. Health and Nutritional Status of Children and Mothers
- Pregnancy and Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination
- Breastfeeding
- Child Immunization
- Diarrhoea Episode and Treatment
- Vitamin A Administration
- Weight, Height and Mid-Upper Arm Measurement
- Number and Sources of Injections Received by Households
- Salt Iodization
- Other Health Practices
5. Housing and Other Household Particulars
- Type of Building and Year the Building was Constructed
- Type of Construction Materials of Roof, Outer Walls and Floor
- Number of Rooms in the Housing Unit and Total Floor Area
- Tenure Status of Housing Unit
- Rent/Imputed Rent
- Household's Main Source of Drinking Water, Dishwashing and Handwashing
- Toilet facilities
- Type or Source of Lighting Used
- Type of Fuel Used for Cooking
- Ownership of Appliances and Other Equipment
- Access to Basic Services Such As Schools, Clinics/Hospitals and Road Passable by Car
- Landholdings (Tenure Status and Size of Land)
- Economic Activities Carried Out in the Household
- Household Expenditure
- Credit Behaviour of Households
- Accidents
1. Demographic Characteristics of Household Population
- Relationship to Household Head
- Age
- Sex
- Marital Status
- Disability
- Current School Attendance
- Highest Educational Attainment
- Literacy
- Migration
2. Economic Characteristics of Household Population 5 Years and Over
- Usual Activity in the Last 12 Months
- Current Activity Last Week (including number of hours worked)
- Persons Seeking Additional Work
- Nature and Status of Employment, and Kind of Industry in Primary Occupation
- Nature and Status of Employment, and Kind of Industry in Secondary Occupation
- Income Derived from Primary and Secondary Occupation, and Other Receipts in Cash or in Kind
- Reasons for not Being Available for Work
3. Child Labour
- School Attendance in the Past Week
- Reasons for Dropping Out or Not Attending School
- Main Reason for Working or Having a Job
- Age the Child Started to Work
- Place of Work
- Proportion of Child's Earnings Given to Household
- Illnesses, Injuries and Other Health Problems of Working Child
- Recruitment of Children to Work Elsewhere
4. Health and Nutritional Status of Children and Mothers
- Pregnancy and Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination
- Breastfeeding
- Child Immunization
- Diarrhoea Episode and Treatment
- Vitamin A Administration
- Weight, Height and Mid-Upper Arm Measurement
- Number and Sources of Injections Received by Households
- Salt Iodization
- Other Health Practices
5. Housing and Other Household Particulars
- Type of Building and Year the Building was Constructed
- Type of Construction Materials of Roof, Outer Walls and Floor
- Number of Rooms in the Housing Unit and Total Floor Area
- Tenure Status of Housing Unit
- Rent/Imputed Rent
- Household's Main Source of Drinking Water, Dishwashing and Handwashing
- Toilet facilities
- Type or Source of Lighting Used
- Type of Fuel Used for Cooking
- Ownership of Appliances and Other Equipment
- Access to Basic Services Such As Schools, Clinics/Hospitals and Road Passable by Car
- Landholdings (Tenure Status and Size of Land)
- Economic Activities Carried Out in the Household
- Household Expenditure
- Credit Behaviour of Households
- Accidents
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| consumption/consumer behaviour [1.1] | CESSDA | Link |
| income, property and investment/saving [1.5] | CESSDA | Link |
| economic conditions and indicators [1.2] | CESSDA | Link |
| EDUCATION [6] | CESSDA | Link |
| HEALTH [8] | CESSDA | Link |
| housing [10.1] | CESSDA | Link |
| TRANSPORT, TRAVEL AND MOBILITY [11] | CESSDA | Link |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
A. National, Urban and Rural
B. Phnom Penh, Other Urban and Other Rural
C. The 10 Domains:
1. Banteay Meanchey
2. Battambang
3. Kampong Thom
4. Pursat
5. Ratanakiri
6. Siem Reap
7. Svay Rieng
8. Phnom Penh
9. Other Urban
10. Other Rural
The SESC 1996 covered 87.26 per cent of Cambodian villages.
B. Phnom Penh, Other Urban and Other Rural
C. The 10 Domains:
1. Banteay Meanchey
2. Battambang
3. Kampong Thom
4. Pursat
5. Ratanakiri
6. Siem Reap
7. Svay Rieng
8. Phnom Penh
9. Other Urban
10. Other Rural
The SESC 1996 covered 87.26 per cent of Cambodian villages.
Geographic Unit
Village (Province, District, Commune, Village)
Universe
All non-institutional households in Cambodia (All regular resident households in Cambodia)
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics | Ministry of Planning |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Asian Development Bank | ADB | Funding |
| United Nations Development Programme/Cambodia Area Rehabilitation and Regeneration Project | UNDP/CARERE | Funding |
| UNited Nations Children's Fund | UNICEF | Funding |
| International Labour Organization | ILO | Funding |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The SESC used a stratified two-stage probability sampling technique with the following areas as domains of analysis: Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Thom, Pursat, Ratanak Kiri, Siem Reap, Svay Rieng, Phnom Penh, Other Urban, and Other Rural. The number of strata was increased to come up with estimates for the above mentioned provinces.
For each survey round, 390 primary sampling units (PSUs) or a total of 780 PSUs (villages) for the two rounds were selected using the linear systematic sampling with a random start method, with probability proportional to size. The number of households in the village was used as a measure of size. These information are based on the population database compiled in the National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, and from several sources including a gazetteer of the Geographic Department, a village file constructed in 1993 by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), population statistics of Battambang province constructed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and supplemental population estimates supplied by the Ministry of Interior and the Municipality of Phnom Penh. The merger of these multiple sources constitutes the sampling frame for the Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia (SESC) 1996.
The households constituted the secondary sampling units (SSUs). From each PSU, 10 or 20 households were selected systematically with a random start. The method of selecting the samples is explained in the next section.
The first stage of sample selection involved the drawing of sample villages from each stratum. Within each stratum, villages were arranged by geographic codes and the number of households for every village based on the sample frame records was cumulated. Sample villages were selected using the linear systematic sampling with random start method, with probability proportional to size (pps). The number of households in the village was used as a measure of size. Sample village selection was done through the use of a computer program.
For each sample village (PSU), a field listing operation was undertaken except for large villages. Large villages were segmented first, comprising about 300 households or less based on the current household estimates by the commune or village leaders. A segment was then chosen randomly in which a complete listing of households was done. This entailed carrying out a complete canvass of the PSU in order to make a current and complete listing of households contained within. The procedure involved creating a sketch map for the PSU where physical boundaries in the village and the location of each household were sketched. Canvassing, on the other hand, entailed a systematic covering of the entire village following a prescribed path of travel in order to make sure that all housing units in which the households reside will be accounted for.
After the listing operation was completed, a fixed sample size of 10 households was selected in each PSU for the following strata: Banteay Meanchey, Phnom Penh, Pursat, Siem Reap, Other Urban and Other Rural, while 20 households werer selected from each PSU for Battambang, Kampong Thom, Ratanakiri and Svay Rieng. The selection was carried out using circular systematic random sampling with a random start. The sampling interval was equal to the current household estimates in the PSU divided by 10 or 20, as the case maybe.
The sampling strategy required the selection of a total of 9,000 sample households from 780 sample villages for the two rounds.
For each survey round, 390 primary sampling units (PSUs) or a total of 780 PSUs (villages) for the two rounds were selected using the linear systematic sampling with a random start method, with probability proportional to size. The number of households in the village was used as a measure of size. These information are based on the population database compiled in the National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, and from several sources including a gazetteer of the Geographic Department, a village file constructed in 1993 by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), population statistics of Battambang province constructed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and supplemental population estimates supplied by the Ministry of Interior and the Municipality of Phnom Penh. The merger of these multiple sources constitutes the sampling frame for the Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia (SESC) 1996.
The households constituted the secondary sampling units (SSUs). From each PSU, 10 or 20 households were selected systematically with a random start. The method of selecting the samples is explained in the next section.
The first stage of sample selection involved the drawing of sample villages from each stratum. Within each stratum, villages were arranged by geographic codes and the number of households for every village based on the sample frame records was cumulated. Sample villages were selected using the linear systematic sampling with random start method, with probability proportional to size (pps). The number of households in the village was used as a measure of size. Sample village selection was done through the use of a computer program.
For each sample village (PSU), a field listing operation was undertaken except for large villages. Large villages were segmented first, comprising about 300 households or less based on the current household estimates by the commune or village leaders. A segment was then chosen randomly in which a complete listing of households was done. This entailed carrying out a complete canvass of the PSU in order to make a current and complete listing of households contained within. The procedure involved creating a sketch map for the PSU where physical boundaries in the village and the location of each household were sketched. Canvassing, on the other hand, entailed a systematic covering of the entire village following a prescribed path of travel in order to make sure that all housing units in which the households reside will be accounted for.
After the listing operation was completed, a fixed sample size of 10 households was selected in each PSU for the following strata: Banteay Meanchey, Phnom Penh, Pursat, Siem Reap, Other Urban and Other Rural, while 20 households werer selected from each PSU for Battambang, Kampong Thom, Ratanakiri and Svay Rieng. The selection was carried out using circular systematic random sampling with a random start. The sampling interval was equal to the current household estimates in the PSU divided by 10 or 20, as the case maybe.
The sampling strategy required the selection of a total of 9,000 sample households from 780 sample villages for the two rounds.
Deviations from the Sample Design
Pailin was excluded from the sampling frame due to security issues.
Response Rate
100%
Weighting
Basic Weights
------------------
The basic weight (that is, the weight before any other adjustments are made such as those which might be necessary for non-response), for all households in a given PSU/village, is equal to the reciprocal of the overall probability of selection
Thus, there will be a different weight for every PSU, that is, 750 separate weights for the two rounds. Likewise, the data file must provide therefore for storing values of Mhi and Mhi* for every PSU, so that their ratio can be calculated easily.
In applying the weights to the data files in order to make estimates, every sample household and every sample person in a given PSU will receive the same weight, that is, whatever the calculated basic weight is for that PSU.
Weight Adjustments for Large PSU's
------------------------------------------------
Since large villages or those with an estimated number of households with 300 or more will be segmented, and only one randomly selected segment will be listed, and from the selected segment, the sample of 10 or 20 households will then be selected.
Please see th sampling file in external resources.
------------------
The basic weight (that is, the weight before any other adjustments are made such as those which might be necessary for non-response), for all households in a given PSU/village, is equal to the reciprocal of the overall probability of selection
Thus, there will be a different weight for every PSU, that is, 750 separate weights for the two rounds. Likewise, the data file must provide therefore for storing values of Mhi and Mhi* for every PSU, so that their ratio can be calculated easily.
In applying the weights to the data files in order to make estimates, every sample household and every sample person in a given PSU will receive the same weight, that is, whatever the calculated basic weight is for that PSU.
Weight Adjustments for Large PSU's
------------------------------------------------
Since large villages or those with an estimated number of households with 300 or more will be segmented, and only one randomly selected segment will be listed, and from the selected segment, the sample of 10 or 20 households will then be selected.
Please see th sampling file in external resources.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 1996-05 | 1996-06 | Round 1 |
| 1996-11 | 1996-12 | Round 2 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
The Senior Statistics Advisor functions as the Project Director and, together with the Statistical Experts, comprise the ADB project staff. They are responsible for the survey and sampling design, data processing systems and programming technical supervision of all phases of survey operations, training of field staff, analysis of survey results, and preparation of final reports.
Organizational Structure: ADB Project Staff, Project Director, Survey Director, NIS Survey Staff
Coordination/Training: Area Coordinators
Field Staff:
NIS:
1. Team Supervisors
2. Enumerators
Provincial Office:
1. Team Supervisors
2. Enumerators
The Director of NIS functions as the Survey Director, and the six officers are designated as the area coordinators. The Survey Director will be responsible for the control and supervision of NIS Staff as well as the staff engaged from the Provincial Planning and Statistics Services who will function in the capacities of supervisors and enumerators.
The work of field enumerators will be supervised by field supervisors (1 field supervisor supervising the work of 3 to 6 enumerators ), who will edit the completed questionnaires.
The middle level staff of NIS and Provincial Planning and Statistics Services will be engaged as supervisors. The success of the fieldwork will depend so much on the recruitment, training and deployment of NIS and provincial staff. The engagement of the provincial staff for field supervision and enumeration will make it possible to enjoin the active cooperation of commune and village workers for the survey.
In general, a supervisor is assigned to supervise enumerators during field operations. The major duties and responsibilities of a supervisor in relation to the work of an enumerator are the following:
As a supervisor, supervisor is responsible for the successful and timely completion of the field operations in the area where supervisor is assigned which may be a whole village or a segment of a big village. Following the principle of command responsibility, supervisor is answerable for the inefficiencies and wrong doings of the people supervisor supervises. To be effective, supervisor must be a leader and be capable of propelling your subordinates to work for the attainment of the objectives of the survey. Supervisor must be ready to assist them in the performance of their duties. Supervisor subordinates should be able to rely on you for the solution of the day-to-day problems of their work. To effectively carry out supervisor 's duty as a supervisor, each of supervisor will be assigned 3 to 6 Enumerators.
Supervisor's basic duties and responsibilities are listed below. In addition, supervisor is expected to perform such duties that may be assigned by the Area Coordinators and Survey Director in connection with survey work.
a. attend the training to gain an understanding of the concepts, definitions and procedures regarding the conduct of the SESC and to be familiar with the duties and responsibilities of supervisor 's ENs;
b. coordinate with the village leader on the enumeration of the sample villages;
c. supervise closely the work of the ENs during listing and enumeration;
d. identify the sample households which would respond to the questions in the SESC Form 2 (Household Questionnaire);
e. verify the area coverage of supervisor 's ENs;
f. help solve problems encountered by supervisor 's ENs;
g. scrutinize the accomplished questionnaires submitted by supervisor 's ENs for completeness, correctness and legibility of entries; and
h. accomplish and/or submit the required forms and materials to the Area Coordinators and/or Survey Director within the prescribed period.
Organizational Structure: ADB Project Staff, Project Director, Survey Director, NIS Survey Staff
Coordination/Training: Area Coordinators
Field Staff:
NIS:
1. Team Supervisors
2. Enumerators
Provincial Office:
1. Team Supervisors
2. Enumerators
The Director of NIS functions as the Survey Director, and the six officers are designated as the area coordinators. The Survey Director will be responsible for the control and supervision of NIS Staff as well as the staff engaged from the Provincial Planning and Statistics Services who will function in the capacities of supervisors and enumerators.
The work of field enumerators will be supervised by field supervisors (1 field supervisor supervising the work of 3 to 6 enumerators ), who will edit the completed questionnaires.
The middle level staff of NIS and Provincial Planning and Statistics Services will be engaged as supervisors. The success of the fieldwork will depend so much on the recruitment, training and deployment of NIS and provincial staff. The engagement of the provincial staff for field supervision and enumeration will make it possible to enjoin the active cooperation of commune and village workers for the survey.
In general, a supervisor is assigned to supervise enumerators during field operations. The major duties and responsibilities of a supervisor in relation to the work of an enumerator are the following:
As a supervisor, supervisor is responsible for the successful and timely completion of the field operations in the area where supervisor is assigned which may be a whole village or a segment of a big village. Following the principle of command responsibility, supervisor is answerable for the inefficiencies and wrong doings of the people supervisor supervises. To be effective, supervisor must be a leader and be capable of propelling your subordinates to work for the attainment of the objectives of the survey. Supervisor must be ready to assist them in the performance of their duties. Supervisor subordinates should be able to rely on you for the solution of the day-to-day problems of their work. To effectively carry out supervisor 's duty as a supervisor, each of supervisor will be assigned 3 to 6 Enumerators.
Supervisor's basic duties and responsibilities are listed below. In addition, supervisor is expected to perform such duties that may be assigned by the Area Coordinators and Survey Director in connection with survey work.
a. attend the training to gain an understanding of the concepts, definitions and procedures regarding the conduct of the SESC and to be familiar with the duties and responsibilities of supervisor 's ENs;
b. coordinate with the village leader on the enumeration of the sample villages;
c. supervise closely the work of the ENs during listing and enumeration;
d. identify the sample households which would respond to the questions in the SESC Form 2 (Household Questionnaire);
e. verify the area coverage of supervisor 's ENs;
f. help solve problems encountered by supervisor 's ENs;
g. scrutinize the accomplished questionnaires submitted by supervisor 's ENs for completeness, correctness and legibility of entries; and
h. accomplish and/or submit the required forms and materials to the Area Coordinators and/or Survey Director within the prescribed period.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| National Instistute of Statistics | NIS | Ministry of Planning |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
Listed below are the forms that used during the field enumeration:
SESC Form 1 - Listing Sheet: This is a sheet wherein buildings, housing units and households within an enumeration pertaining to population of households are listed
SESC Form 2 - Household Questionnaire: This is the basic SESC questionnaire which was used for interviewing and recording information about a household. This questionnaire contains information on the following: demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population, household and housing characteristics. The Questionnaire consists of 4 parts, namely:
1. Part II - Demographic and Economic Characteristics of the Household Population
2. Part III - Child Labour (For Children 5 - 17 Years Old)
3. Part IV - Health and Nutritional Status of Children Under 5 Years Old
4. Part V - Household and Housing Particulars
SESC Form 3 - Appointment Slip: This form is used to set an appointment with the household head (or spouse) in case the interviewer was unable to interview anyone during the first visit. The date and time of next visit is jotted down in the form.
SESC Form 1 - Listing Sheet: This is a sheet wherein buildings, housing units and households within an enumeration pertaining to population of households are listed
SESC Form 2 - Household Questionnaire: This is the basic SESC questionnaire which was used for interviewing and recording information about a household. This questionnaire contains information on the following: demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population, household and housing characteristics. The Questionnaire consists of 4 parts, namely:
1. Part II - Demographic and Economic Characteristics of the Household Population
2. Part III - Child Labour (For Children 5 - 17 Years Old)
3. Part IV - Health and Nutritional Status of Children Under 5 Years Old
4. Part V - Household and Housing Particulars
SESC Form 3 - Appointment Slip: This form is used to set an appointment with the household head (or spouse) in case the interviewer was unable to interview anyone during the first visit. The date and time of next visit is jotted down in the form.
Data Processing
Data Editing
All completed questionnaires were brought to NIS for processing. Although completed questionnaires were checked and edited by supervisors in the field, especially because of the length of questionnaires and the complexity of the topics covered the need for manual editing and coding by trained staff was accepted as an essential priority activity to produce a cleaned data file without delay. Processing staff and supervisors were trained for three days by the project staff. An instruction manual for manual editing and coding was prepared and translated into Khmer for the guidance of processing staff.
In order to produce an unedited data file, keying in the data as recorded by field enumerators and supervisors, (without subjecting data to manual edit as required by the Analysis Component Project staff), it was necessary to structure manual editing as a two-phase operation. Thus in the first phase, the processing staff coded the questions such as those on migration, industry, and occupation which required coding. Editing was restricted to selected structural edits and some error corrections. These edits were restricted to checking the completeness and consistency of responses, legibility, and totalling of selected questions. Error corrections were made without cancelling or obliterating the original entry made by the enumerator, by inserting the correction close to the original entry.
Much of the manual editing was carried out in the second phase, after key entry and one hundred percent verification and extraction of error print outs. A wide range of errors had to be corrected which was expected in view of the complexity of the survey and the skill background of the enumeration and processing staff. The manual edits involved the correction of errors arising from incorrect key entry, in-correct/ failure to include identification, miss-coding of answers, failure to follow skip patterns, misinterpretation of measures, range errors, and other consistency errors.
In order to produce an unedited data file, keying in the data as recorded by field enumerators and supervisors, (without subjecting data to manual edit as required by the Analysis Component Project staff), it was necessary to structure manual editing as a two-phase operation. Thus in the first phase, the processing staff coded the questions such as those on migration, industry, and occupation which required coding. Editing was restricted to selected structural edits and some error corrections. These edits were restricted to checking the completeness and consistency of responses, legibility, and totalling of selected questions. Error corrections were made without cancelling or obliterating the original entry made by the enumerator, by inserting the correction close to the original entry.
Much of the manual editing was carried out in the second phase, after key entry and one hundred percent verification and extraction of error print outs. A wide range of errors had to be corrected which was expected in view of the complexity of the survey and the skill background of the enumeration and processing staff. The manual edits involved the correction of errors arising from incorrect key entry, in-correct/ failure to include identification, miss-coding of answers, failure to follow skip patterns, misinterpretation of measures, range errors, and other consistency errors.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
It has to be noted that the data were obtained through a sample survey and are therefore subject to both sampling and nonsampling errors. Sampling errors are those that are related to the sample size and the kind of samples selected. Non-sampling errors include those such as errors committed by the interviewers in recording
responses, errors made by respondents and coding errors. Moreover, the 1996 population and other estimates from the SESC may not be directly comparable with estimates based from other surveys because of differences in the sampling frame, survey design and concepts used. The concepts used in this survey are found
responses, errors made by respondents and coding errors. Moreover, the 1996 population and other estimates from the SESC may not be directly comparable with estimates based from other surveys because of differences in the sampling frame, survey design and concepts used. The concepts used in this survey are found
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director, Demographic Statistics Census and Survey Department | National Institute of Statistics | census@camnet.com.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Data User Service Center | National Institute of Statistics | dusc@nis.gov.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Director, ICT Department | National Institute of Statistics | lundysaint@yahoo.com.com | www.nis.gov.kh/nada |
Confidentiality
The Statistics Law Article 22 specifies matters of confidentiality. It explicitly says that all staff working with statistics within the Government of Cambodia "shall ensure confidentiality of all individual information obtained from respondents, except under special circumstances with the consent of the Minister of Planning. The information collected under this Law is to be used only for statistical purposes."
Access conditions
1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the National Institute of Statistics.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Institute of Statistics.
4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the National Institute of Statistics, or among data from the National Institute of Statistics and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the National Institute of Statistics.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Institute of Statistics.
4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the National Institute of Statistics, or among data from the National Institute of Statistics and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the National Institute of Statistics.
Citation requirements
"National Institute of Statistics of Ministry of Planning of Socio-Economic Survey of Cambodia 1996 (SESC 1996), Version1.2 of the public use dataset (June 1997), provide by the National Institute of Statistics.Phnom penh, Cambodia www.nis.gov.kh"
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | National Institute of Statistics | sythan@forum.org.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Director, ICT Department | National Institute of Statistics | slundy@nis.gov.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia beares no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Copyright
(c) SESC 1996, National Institute of Statistics
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI-KHM-NIS-SESC-1996-v012
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chao Pheav | CHP | NIS | Archivist |
| Shine Cagas | MATC | ADP-Asia | DDI Reviewer |
| Chao Pheav | CHP | NIS | Archivist |
| Shine Cagas | MATC | ADP-Asia | DDI Reviewer |
| Saint Lundy, Chao Pheav | SL,CHP | NIS | Archivist |
| Saint Lundy | SL,CHP | NIS | Archivist |
Date of Metadata Production
2009-09-28
DDI Document version
Version 1.3 (July 2010). This version contains edits on version 1.2 of the DDI document.
Version 1.2 (February 2010). This version contains edits on version 1.1 of the DDI document.
Version 1.1 (October 2009). This version contains edits on the original DDI document.
Version 1.2 (February 2010). This version contains edits on version 1.1 of the DDI document.
Version 1.1 (October 2009). This version contains edits on the original DDI document.