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Cambodia Child Labor Survey 2001

Cambodia, 2001
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Reference ID
KHM-NIS-CCLS-2001-v01
Producer(s)
National Institute of Statistics
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Jan 08, 2021
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  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Survey instrument
  • Data collection
  • Data processing
  • Data appraisal
  • Data Access
  • Disclaimer and copyrights
  • Contacts
  • Metadata production

    • Identification

    Survey ID number

    KHM-NIS-CCLS-2001-v01
    Title

    Cambodia Child Labor Survey 2001
    Translated Title

    Angkat Kamlang Polkam Koma 2001
    Country
    Name Country code
    Cambodia KHM
    Study type

    Child Labor Survey [hh/cls]
    Abstract

    The Royal Government of Cambodia has placed the issue of child labour 2001 high on its agenda, and in recent years has made a large number of interventions, in cooperation with international, regional organizations, NGOs, and other partners. For Cambodia, like the rest of the world, there are many issues that need to be addressed in order to ensure the effective abolition of child labour. Eliminating child labour in Cambodia is one of the most urgent challenges of our time.
    Kind of Data

    Sample survey data [ssd]
    Unit of Analysis

    households, individuals and children aged 5-17 years

    Version

    Version Description
    • Version 01 - Edited data for internal use only.
    Version Date

    2002-09-03

    Scope

    Notes

    The basic services and child labour. This data source was extensively used in planning, studying and analysing child health, child labour and employment issues and in the preparation of the human development report of Cambodia and Child Labour

    I.

    1. Total children 5-17 years old, working children and non working children (past 7 days)

    2. Geographical distribution of working children (past 7 days)

    3. School attendence of working children (past 7 days)

    4. Children who worked in the past 12 months

    5. Children involved in housekeeping activities

    II.

    1. Number of hours worked per week and schooling status (past 7 days)

    2. Currently working children by economic activities

    3. Currently working children by occupation

    4. Currently working children by employment status

    5. Factors that lead children to work

    III.

    1. Awareness of Hazards at Work Place

    2. Difficulties at Work Place of Working Children

    3. Working Children who Worked with Machinery at Work Place

    IV.

    1. Number of Children living away from home by sex, age group and working non-working

    2. Number of Children living away from home by strata, and working non- working Children

    3. Percentage of working Children living away from home by sex, age group and previous activities before residing with the current family
    Topics
    Topic Vocabulary URI
    children [12.1] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
    employment [3.1] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
    working conditions [3.6] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common

    Coverage

    Geographic Coverage

    National (24 provinces) - Phnom Penh, Other Urban and Other Rura

    • Urban/Rural
    Geographic Unit

    14 Domains:

    a. 11 individual provinces:

     1. Bantey Meanchy

 2. Battambang

 3. Kampong Cham

 4. Kampong Speu

 5. Kampong Thom

 6. Kanda

 7. Phnom Penh

 8. Prey Veng

 9. Siem Reap

 10. Svay Rieng

 11. Takeo

    b. 3 groups of provinces:

    Group 1: Kampong Chhnang, and Pursat; Tonle Sap provinces 

Group 2: Kampot, Sihanouk Ville, Kaoh Kong, and Krong Keb; Coastal provinces

Group 3: Kratie, Steung Treng, Rattanakiri, Mondol Kiri, Preah Vihear, Oddor Meanchey, and Krong Pailin; Mountain provinces
    Universe

    The survey covered all household members and children aged 5 to 17 years residing in the household.

    Producers and sponsors

    Primary investigators
    Name Affiliation
    National Institute of Statistics Ministry of Planning
    Funding Agency/Sponsor
    Name Role
    The International Labour Organization (ILO)/Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) International Labor Organization on the Elimination of Child Labour Funding on Sampling Design (?)
    Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
    Name Role
    ILO-SIMPOC Consultants Technical Assistance on Sampling Design

    Sampling

    Sampling Procedure

    The sample for CCLS 2001 was a stratified sample selected in two stages. At the first stage, the villages (primary sampling units or PSUs) were selected from the list of villages for every stratum within the domains listed in order of: province/city, district, commune and village. The method of circular systematic sampling with the probability of inclusion of a village proportional to its size (CSS-PPS) was used to select the villages. In addition to the code for the above, the sampling frame contained identification particulars: the name of the villages as well as the number of households in the village as known at that time. The number of households in the village identified in the sampling frame was taken as its size. The actual number of households in selected villages was obtained later by direct listing. In this method, the actual number of households was generally different from the number recorded in the sampling frame. To avoid ambiguity, the number of households in a village as recorded in the sampling frame will always be referred to as its size. In other words, the number of households in the village was used as the measure of size. Sample village selection was done through the use of a computer program.

    At the second stage of selection, for each sample village, or PSU (except for large villages), a field listing operation was undertaken. Large villages comprising about 210 households, based on the current household estimates by the village leaders, were segmented first. A segment was then chosen randomly and a complete listing of households was prepared. This entailed carrying out a complete canvass of the PSU in order to make a current and complete listing of households contained within. The procedure involved creating a sketch map of the PSU where physical boundaries in the village and the location of each household were sketched. Canvassing entailed a systematic covering of the entire village following a prescribed path of travel in order to make sure that all housing units in which the households reside were accounted for. After the listing operation was completed, a fixed sample size of 20 households was selected in each PSU. The selection was carried out using circular systematic random sampling with a random start (CSS).

    Detailed discussion is provided in Sampling.pdf document.
    Response Rate

    Not Computed
    Weighting

    Please see Appendix A in the report on Cambodia Child Labour Survey 2001

    Survey instrument

    Questionnaires

    The Cambodia Child Labour survey 2001 used three forms:

    Form 1: Questionnaire for Households

    Form 2: Questionnaire for Parents/Guardians of Children Ages 5 to 17 in the Household

    Form 3: Questionnaire for Children Ages 5 to 17 in the Household

    The household questionnaire (Form 1) included demographic characteristics of all household members, migration status of the household (in the last five years), migration status of children 5 to 17 years of age, housing conditions, household income and expenditures, usual economic activity of household members 5 years old and over during the last 12 months, current economic activity of household members 5 years and over during the past 7 days, earnings and hours of work of household members 5 years old and over who worked (according to the main activity during the past 7 days and other activities during the past 7 days).

    In the questionnaire about children aged 5 to 17 in the households (Form 2), queries all children 5 to 17 years old were addressed to parents, guardians, or responsible proxies in the household where the child usually resides. This form contained questions on housekeeping activities/household chores of children 5 to 17 years old; children 5 to 17 years old who were idle/did not do anything during the past 7 days; health and safety of children 5 to 17 years old who had worked at any time; place of work/employer of children 5 to 17 years of age currently working; children 5 to 17 years working as employees for someone else for payment in cash or in kind or without any payment; perception of parents/guardians or other relatives with whom the working child usually resides.

    In the questionnaire for children (Form 3), the questions were addressed to children 5 to 17 years of age: hours actually worked, economic activities, age started to work for the first time, currently or usually worked, health and safety of working children, working conditions and perceptions of working children.

    The statistical information on hazardous child labour was collected through an establishment survey. Selection of establishments was based on the results of the household-based child labour survey, and establishments found to employ child labour were identified for a follow-up survey by interviewers with the employers and the children identified as child workers.

    Data collection

    Dates of Data Collection
    Start End
    2001-05-11 2001-06-11
    Time periods
    Start date End date
    2001-01-01 2001-12-31
    Data Collectors
    Name Affiliation
    National Institute of Statistics Ministry of Planning
    Supervision

    There were 60 superviosrs assigned for the conduct of CCLS 2001. Of which:

    a. National Institute of Statistics: 21 persons

    b. Ministry of Planning: 10 persons

    c. Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour: 4 persons

    d. Planning Offices in Provinces: 25 persons

    The roles of the supervisors include:

    1. To get authorization for and to facilitate access to households and to constantly supervise the interviewing operation;

    2. To immediately edit completed questionnaires to validate al the entries; and

    3. To batch and send all validated questionnaires to the central office (NIS) in Phnom Penh.

    To further enforce consistency in checking the questionnaires, 4 area coordinators were sent to randomly selected provinces.
    Data Collection Notes

    Recruitment of Enumerators and Supervisors

    For this large-scale nationwide survey, a selection committee was formed to recruit the right staff for the survey. The committee included seven members and two secretaries, of whom H.E. Under Secretary of State, Ministry of Planning, was the Head of the committee, the Director General of NIS was the Deputy Head, the Deputy Director General of NIS was the Deputy Head and other Chiefs of NIS Departments were members of the committee. The number of enumerators and supervisors is broken down according to the institutions origin as follows:

    1. Enumerators: 250 persons

      a. National Institute of Statistics: 104 persons

      b. Ministry of Planning: 105 persons

      c. Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour: 5 persons

      d. Planning Offices in Provinces: 36 persons

    2. Supervisors: 60 persons

      a. National Institute of Statistics: 21 persons

      b. Ministry of Planning: 10 persons

      c. Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour: 4 persons

      d. Planning Offices in Provinces: 25 persons

    Training

    The training course consisted of instructions in general interviewing techniques, field procedures, a detailed discussion of items on the questionnaires and practice interviews in the field, as well as the procedure for sample selection in the actual field operation. The training of enumerators and supervisors was broken into two phases. First the supervisors were trained on supervising activities for the duration of four days from 22/01/01 to 25/01/01. This was followed by the enumerator training for the duration of one week from 05/03/01 to 10/03/01, focusing on the actual operation of the interviewing activities.

    To validate the feasibility and adaptation of the survey questionnaires and survey methodology to the Cambodian household conditions, a pre-test was conducted in Kandal province following the training. A discussion was organized afterward to decide on the necessary changes that should be reflected in the questionnaires as well as the interviewing techniques.

    The enumerators (interviewers) were organized in batches for all the provinces of the survey. Supervisors were assigned to get authorization for and to facilitate access to households and to constantly supervise the interviewing operation. Also, as editing of the completed questionnaires was an integral part of the field data collection, completed questionnaires based on successful interviews were immediately edited by the supervisors to validate all the entries in the questionnaires, before batching and sending them to the central office (NIS) in Phnom Penh. To further enforce consistency in checking the questionnaires, four area coordinators were sent to randomly selected provinces.

    Data processing

    Data Editing

    Data editing took place at the following stages of data processing:

    1. On the field: Manual editing on the done by supervisors.

    2. Questionnaire reception at NIS: Manual editing and coding done by 15 manual editing personnels at NIS.

    3. During data entry: Re-entry of data in the questionnaires to confirm legitimacy of the entries.

    4. Correctness, completeness, range validity and consistency checking: An editing program was developed to check and valiadate data files and produce error printouts from modification.

    5. Verification of database with other sources

    6. Data quality tabulation: With the preliminary tables generated, data validation work was carried out and range checks built were reviewed.

    Processing of CCLS 2001, from data entry to tabulations, was done with the use of the Integrated Microcomputer Processing System (IMPS) of the US Bureau of Census. Twenty (20) Machine Encoders (including 2 Supervisors) were trained before the start of machine encoding activities.

    Data appraisal

    Estimates of Sampling Error

    Since most of the estimates from the survey are in the form of weighted ratios, variances for ratio estimates were thus presented.

    Please see Appendix A in the report on Cambodia Child Labour Survey 2001.

    Data Access

    Access authority
    Name Affiliation URL Email
    Director General National Institute of Statistics www.nis.gov.kh sythan@forum.org.kh
    Director, ICT Department National Institute of Statistics www.nis.gov.kh/nada slundy@nis.gov.kh
    Confidentiality
    Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? Confidentiality declaration text
    yes The Statistics Law Article 22 specifies matters of confidentiality. It explicitly says that all staff working with statistics within the Government of Cambodia "shall ensure confidentiality of all individual information obtained from respondents, except under special circumstances with the consent of the Minister of Planning. The information collected under this Law is to be used only for statistical purposes."
    Access conditions

    Each dataset has an "Access policy". The NIS recommends three levels of accessibility:

    • Public use files, accessible to all

    • Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions

    • Datasets only accessible in a data enclave, for the most sensitive and confidential data.

    1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the National Institute of Statistics.

    2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.

    3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Institute of Statistics.

    4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the National Institute of Statistics, or among data from the National Institute of Statistics and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.

    5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.

    6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the National Institute of Statistics.
    Citation requirements

    "National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, Cambodia, Child Labor Survey 2001(CCLS 2001), Version1.0 of the public use dataset (September 2002), provided by the National Institute of Statistics, Phnom Penh, Cambodia , www.nis.gov.kh"

    Disclaimer and copyrights

    Disclaimer

    The user of the data acknowledges that the National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia bears no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
    Copyright

    (c) 2001 National Institute of Statistics, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email URL
    Director, Demographic Statistics Census and Survey Department National Institute of Statistics census@camnet.com.kh www.nis.gov.kh
    Data User Service Center National Institute of Statistics dusc@nis.gov.kh www.nis.gov.kh

    Metadata production

    DDI Document ID

    DDI-KHM-NIS-CCLS-2001-v1.4
    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    Kim Chantharith NIS Archivist
    Saint Lundy, Chao Pheav NIS Reviewer
    Chao Pheav NIS Reviewer
    Date of Metadata Production

    2009-09-28

    Metadata version

    DDI Document version

    Version 1.4 (September 2010). For finalization.

    Version 1.3 (June 2010). This version contains edits on version 1.2 of the DDI document.

    Version 1.2 (February 2010). This version contains edits on version 1.1 of the DDI document.

    Version 1.1 (October 2009). This version contains edits on the original DDI document.
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